| / | The root directory is the topmost directory in the Linux filesystem hierarchy. It contains all other directories and serves as the starting point for all file paths. |
| /bin | Contains essential command-line programs and utilities available to all users. These are typically statically linked to avoid dependency issues. |
| /boot | Stores boot loader files and kernel images necessary for the operating system to load during startup. |
| /dev | Contains device files representing hardware devices connected to the system. |
| /etc | Holds system-wide configuration files for various system components and applications. |
| /home | Stores home directories for regular users. Each user has their own subdirectory under /home. |
| /lib | Libraries required for running executable programs. It contains shared libraries. |
| /lib32 | Contains 32-bit libraries for compatibility with older applications. |
| /lib64 | Contains 64-bit libraries for modern applications. |
| /media | A mount point for removable storage devices such as CDs, DVDs, USB drives, etc. |
| /mnt | A temporary mount point for filesystems. Used for mounting external drives or network shares. |
| /opt | Optional application software packages. Third-party applications often install here. |
| /proc | Provides process and system information through pseudo-files and directories. |
| /root | The home directory for the root user. |
| /run | Contains runtime data and sockets. Replaces /var/run and /var/lock. |
| /sbin | System administration binaries. Contains essential system programs. |
| /srv | Data directory used by services, site-specific data which might rotate servers. |
| /sys | Provides access to system information and is used for communication between the kernel and user-space processes. |
| /tmp | Temporary files created by users or system processes. Its a volatile space. |
| /usr | Contains user programs and documentation. Includes /usr/bin for user executables and /usr/share for architecture-independent data. |
| /var | Variable data files. Contains logs, caches, and spools. |
